The Constitutional Court of Montenegro is an autonomous and independent institution entrusted with safeguarding the Constitution as the supreme legal act of the state. Its role became particularly significant following the restoration of Montenegro’s independence and the subsequent harmonization of the national legal system with European standards. With the adoption and proclamation of the new Constitution on 22 October 2007, the Constitutional Court was established as a distinct and separate authority, tasked with protecting constitutionality, legality, the constitutional order, and the human rights and freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution.

The 2007 Constitution introduced important innovations in the functioning of the Court, the most notable being the mechanism of constitutional complaint, which enables individuals to seek direct protection of their fundamental rights and freedoms when they believe they have been violated by a final act of a state authority. This instrument significantly strengthened human rights protection in Montenegro, positioning the Court as a central guardian of constitutional justice and aligning its competencies with modern European standards.

The Court’s jurisdiction also includes the review of constitutionality and legality of laws and other regulations, the resolution of disputes over jurisdiction between state bodies, and oversight of electoral and referendum processes. These responsibilities ensure that all branches of government operate within constitutional limits, reinforcing the principles of the rule of law, separation of powers, and democratic governance.

In carrying out its duties, the Constitutional Court is guided by the principles of independence, impartiality, professionalism, and transparency. Its decisions are binding and have substantial legal and societal impact, shaping constitutional interpretation and contributing to the development of Montenegro’s legal framework. Through continuous institutional development, improvement of internal procedures, and commitment to openness, the Court strives to enhance public trust and ensure accessible and effective constitutional protection.

By upholding human dignity, strengthening the rule of law, and promoting constitutional democracy, the Constitutional Court of Montenegro plays a vital role in maintaining the stability and legitimacy of the country’s constitutional order.